Evidence for homoploid speciation in Phytophthora alni supports taxonomic reclassification in this species complex.
Identifieur interne : 000E72 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000E71; suivant : 000E73Evidence for homoploid speciation in Phytophthora alni supports taxonomic reclassification in this species complex.
Auteurs : C. Husson [France] ; J. Aguayo [France] ; C. Revellin [France] ; P. Frey [France] ; R. Ioos [France] ; B. Marçais [France]Source :
- Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B [ 1096-0937 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- génétique : Chimère, Phytophthora.
- microbiologie : Alnus.
- pathogénicité : Phytophthora.
- classification : Allèles, Chimère, Génome, Phytophthora, Polyploïdie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- classification : Chimera, Phytophthora.
- genetics : Chimera, Phytophthora.
- microbiology : Alnus.
- pathogenicity : Phytophthora.
- Alleles, Genome, Polyploidy.
Abstract
Alder decline has been a problem along European watercourses since the early 1990s. Hybridization was identified as the main cause of this emerging disease. Indeed, the causal agent, a soil-borne pathogen named Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (Paa) is the result of interspecific hybridization between two taxa, Phytophthora alni subsp. multiformis (Pam) and Phytophthora alni subsp. uniformis (Pau), initially identified as subspecies of Paa. The aim of this work was to characterize the ploidy level within the P. alni complex that is presently poorly understood. For that, we used two complementary approaches for a set of 31 isolates of Paa, Pam and Pau: (i) quantification of allele copy number of three single-copy nuclear genes using allele-specific real-time PCR and (ii) comparison of the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. Relative quantification of alleles of the three single-copy genes showed that the copy number of a given allele in Paa was systematically half that of its parents Pau or Pam. Moreover, DNA content estimated by flow cytometry in Paa was equal to half the sum of those in Pam and Pau. Our results therefore suggest that the hybrid Paa is an allotriploid species, containing half of the genome of each of its parents Pam and Pau, which in turn are considered to be allotetraploid and diploid, respectively. Paa thus results from a homoploid speciation process. Based on published data and on results from this study, a new formal taxonomic name is proposed for the three taxa Paa, Pam and Pau which are raised to species status and renamed P. ×alni, P. ×multiformis and P. uniformis, respectively.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.013
PubMed: 25732380
Affiliations:
- France
- Bourgogne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Grand Est, Lorraine (région)
- Dijon, Malzéville, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy
- Université de Lorraine
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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Husson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: claude.husson@nancy.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region><settlement type="city">Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aguayo, J" sort="Aguayo, J" uniqKey="Aguayo J" first="J" last="Aguayo">J. Aguayo</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville, France. Electronic address: jaime.aguayo@anses.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region><settlement type="city">Malzéville</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Revellin, C" sort="Revellin, C" uniqKey="Revellin C" first="C" last="Revellin">C. Revellin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, F-21000 Dijon, France. Electronic address: cecile.revellin@dijon.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, F-21000 Dijon</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Bourgogne-Franche-Comté</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Bourgogne</region><settlement type="city">Dijon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frey, P" sort="Frey, P" uniqKey="Frey P" first="P" last="Frey">P. Frey</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: pascal.frey@nancy.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region><settlement type="city">Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ioos, R" sort="Ioos, R" uniqKey="Ioos R" first="R" last="Ioos">R. Ioos</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville, France. Electronic address: renaud.ioos@anses.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region><settlement type="city">Malzéville</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marcais, B" sort="Marcais, B" uniqKey="Marcais B" first="B" last="Marçais">B. Marçais</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: marcais@nancy.inra.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Grand Est</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Lorraine (région)</region><settlement type="city">Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Lorraine</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B</title><idno type="eISSN">1096-0937</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alleles (MeSH)</term><term>Alnus (microbiology)</term><term>Chimera (classification)</term><term>Chimera (genetics)</term><term>Genome (MeSH)</term><term>Phytophthora (classification)</term><term>Phytophthora (genetics)</term><term>Phytophthora (pathogenicity)</term><term>Polyploidy (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Allèles (MeSH)</term><term>Alnus (microbiologie)</term><term>Chimère (classification)</term><term>Chimère (génétique)</term><term>Génome (MeSH)</term><term>Phytophthora (classification)</term><term>Phytophthora (génétique)</term><term>Phytophthora (pathogénicité)</term><term>Polyploïdie (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="en"><term>Chimera</term><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Chimera</term><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chimère</term><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Alnus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Alnus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phytophthora</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Alleles</term><term>Genome</term><term>Polyploidy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="classification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Allèles</term><term>Chimère</term><term>Génome</term><term>Phytophthora</term><term>Polyploïdie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Alder decline has been a problem along European watercourses since the early 1990s. Hybridization was identified as the main cause of this emerging disease. Indeed, the causal agent, a soil-borne pathogen named Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (Paa) is the result of interspecific hybridization between two taxa, Phytophthora alni subsp. multiformis (Pam) and Phytophthora alni subsp. uniformis (Pau), initially identified as subspecies of Paa. The aim of this work was to characterize the ploidy level within the P. alni complex that is presently poorly understood. For that, we used two complementary approaches for a set of 31 isolates of Paa, Pam and Pau: (i) quantification of allele copy number of three single-copy nuclear genes using allele-specific real-time PCR and (ii) comparison of the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. Relative quantification of alleles of the three single-copy genes showed that the copy number of a given allele in Paa was systematically half that of its parents Pau or Pam. Moreover, DNA content estimated by flow cytometry in Paa was equal to half the sum of those in Pam and Pau. Our results therefore suggest that the hybrid Paa is an allotriploid species, containing half of the genome of each of its parents Pam and Pau, which in turn are considered to be allotetraploid and diploid, respectively. Paa thus results from a homoploid speciation process. Based on published data and on results from this study, a new formal taxonomic name is proposed for the three taxa Paa, Pam and Pau which are raised to species status and renamed P. ×alni, P. ×multiformis and P. uniformis, respectively. </div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25732380</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1096-0937</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>77</Volume><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Fungal Genet Biol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Evidence for homoploid speciation in Phytophthora alni supports taxonomic reclassification in this species complex.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>12-21</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.013</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1087-1845(15)00036-5</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Alder decline has been a problem along European watercourses since the early 1990s. Hybridization was identified as the main cause of this emerging disease. Indeed, the causal agent, a soil-borne pathogen named Phytophthora alni subsp. alni (Paa) is the result of interspecific hybridization between two taxa, Phytophthora alni subsp. multiformis (Pam) and Phytophthora alni subsp. uniformis (Pau), initially identified as subspecies of Paa. The aim of this work was to characterize the ploidy level within the P. alni complex that is presently poorly understood. For that, we used two complementary approaches for a set of 31 isolates of Paa, Pam and Pau: (i) quantification of allele copy number of three single-copy nuclear genes using allele-specific real-time PCR and (ii) comparison of the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. Relative quantification of alleles of the three single-copy genes showed that the copy number of a given allele in Paa was systematically half that of its parents Pau or Pam. Moreover, DNA content estimated by flow cytometry in Paa was equal to half the sum of those in Pam and Pau. Our results therefore suggest that the hybrid Paa is an allotriploid species, containing half of the genome of each of its parents Pam and Pau, which in turn are considered to be allotetraploid and diploid, respectively. Paa thus results from a homoploid speciation process. Based on published data and on results from this study, a new formal taxonomic name is proposed for the three taxa Paa, Pam and Pau which are raised to species status and renamed P. ×alni, P. ×multiformis and P. uniformis, respectively. </AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Husson</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: claude.husson@nancy.inra.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aguayo</LastName><ForeName>J</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville, France. Electronic address: jaime.aguayo@anses.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Revellin</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, F-21000 Dijon, France. Electronic address: cecile.revellin@dijon.inra.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Frey</LastName><ForeName>P</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: pascal.frey@nancy.inra.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ioos</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220 Malzéville, France. Electronic address: renaud.ioos@anses.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marçais</LastName><ForeName>B</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>INRA, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: marcais@nancy.inra.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>27</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Fungal Genet Biol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9607601</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1087-1845</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000483" MajorTopicYN="N">Alleles</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029661" MajorTopicYN="N">Alnus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002678" MajorTopicYN="N">Chimera</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="N">classification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016678" MajorTopicYN="Y">Genome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010838" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000145" MajorTopicYN="Y">classification</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000472" MajorTopicYN="N">pathogenicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011123" MajorTopicYN="Y">Polyploidy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Flow cytometry</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Homoploid speciation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Interspecific hybridization</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora alni</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ploidy</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Real-time PCR</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>18</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25732380</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1087-1845(15)00036-5</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.013</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Bourgogne</li><li>Bourgogne-Franche-Comté</li><li>Grand Est</li><li>Lorraine (région)</li></region><settlement><li>Dijon</li><li>Malzéville</li><li>Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Lorraine</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Grand Est"><name sortKey="Husson, C" sort="Husson, C" uniqKey="Husson C" first="C" last="Husson">C. Husson</name></region><name sortKey="Aguayo, J" sort="Aguayo, J" uniqKey="Aguayo J" first="J" last="Aguayo">J. Aguayo</name><name sortKey="Frey, P" sort="Frey, P" uniqKey="Frey P" first="P" last="Frey">P. Frey</name><name sortKey="Ioos, R" sort="Ioos, R" uniqKey="Ioos R" first="R" last="Ioos">R. Ioos</name><name sortKey="Marcais, B" sort="Marcais, B" uniqKey="Marcais B" first="B" last="Marçais">B. Marçais</name><name sortKey="Revellin, C" sort="Revellin, C" uniqKey="Revellin C" first="C" last="Revellin">C. Revellin</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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